ti(G) [ तिङ् ]
Attributes of the Item
This siglum contains following items
This item occurs explicitly in following rule(s)
Tuesday, December 11, 2007
sUp -suffixes
s(u)(p) [ सुप् ]
Attributes of the Item
This siglum contains following items
This item occurs explicitly in following rule(s)
taddhita-suffixes
taddhita [ तद्धित ]
Attributes of the Item
This item occurs explicitly in following rule(s)
The following 135 items have the attribute taddhita [ तद्धित ]
kRtya Suffixes
List of 98 kRt suffixes from http://sanskrit.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/Panini/HTML/i_kRt_0.html
DiCrucnch-A Wondoerful Online Utility
DiCrunch is a diacritic conversion utility produced by Madhavananda and Gaudiya Kutir. The tool converts text between all common transliteration conventions and some Indic scripts.
A HANDBOOK OF SANSKRIT E-LEARNING SYSTEMS by Hemant Dubey
A HANDBOOK OF SANSKRIT E-LEARNING SYSTEMS
HEMANT DUBEY
B.A. 2nd Year (Korean)
3rd Semester
CJKNEAS,
SLL&CS, JNU.nhemant270dubey@yahoo.co.in
The topic of my project under the optional course “Language Technology in India” is a handbook of Sanskrit E-learning systems. It is basically search based project in which I visited many sites to gather information. This project presents a brief description about language technology in India and importance of this optional course along with our core course. I have also presented the importance of e-learning in this computer age along with the importance of Sanskrit language and its acceptance worldwide. In the last, I have shown the different sources, sites in ‘Reference’ which were very helpful for me to know about the topic and specific area related to Sanskrit language.
A Brief description of Language Technology in India:
Language technology in India is very important research area not only in linguistic approach but for social cause also. India is a country of languages. Almost every Indians know tow or three or more regional or national language. It is said that in India the language changes miles to mile. Nagaland, a state of India is a very small state but due to language diversity All India Radio was to broadcast the news in 18 languages for Nagaland people with two languages in Hindi, English. This is enough to show the huge diversity in languages of India. Then it is an important problem that in spite of the existence of such diversity, how Indians can be united socially or how we can break the barriers of language in our progress path: language technology research is an attempt to this problem. Language technology will make every languages scientific and make useful for computers. Due to this computer will work in every regional language also. A native Bengali speaker will we computer application fluently without knowing a specific language. His own language will be resource for the further research related to computer or language. So many dictionaries in many regional languages are available know whether that is English-Bengali, Bengali-Marathi, Oriya to English etc.
About our optional course LTI
The course ‘Language Technology in India’ provided for graduate students of JNU by special centre for Sanskrit Study is very unique and relevant course. It is based on language technology research being done in India’s premier institute and various linguistic approach language as well as Machine Translation. This course gives an outline of language in scientific perspective and use of language in technology. Now JNU is also a research site in this area basically related to Sanskrit language. Many guest speakers related to technology field i.e., from Microsoft Co., and lecturers from C’DAC presented their lecture time to time for the successful completion of this course.
About E-learning, its advantages and growth: With Sanskrit
E-learning is an all-encompassing from generally used to refer to computer enhanced learning, although it is often extended to include the use of mobile technologies such as PDA and MP3 players. It may include the use of web based teaching materials and hypermedia in general, multimedia CD-Rom’s or websites, discussion board, collaborative software, e-mail, blogs, wikis, computer aided assessment, educational animation, simulations, games, learning management software, electronic voting systems and more.
Along with the terms learning technology and educational technology, the term e-learning is generally used to refer to the use of technology in learning in a much broader sense than the computer-based training or computer aided instructions. It is also broader than the terms online learning or online education which generally refer to purely web-based learning. In cases where mobile technologies are used, the term M-learning has become more common. E-learning is naturally suited to distance learning and flexible learning, but can also be used in conjunction with face to face teaching, in which the case is termed as Blended learning.
E-learning can also refer to educational web sites such as those offerings worksheets and interactive exercises for children. The term is also used extensively in the business sector where it generally refers to cost-effective online-training.
Advantages of e-learning often include flexibility and convenience for the learner especially if they have other commitments, facilitation of communication between learners, greater adaptability to a learner’s needs more variety in learning experience with the use of multimedia and the non-verbal presentation of teaching material. Video instruction provides visual and audio learning that can be paused, and reversed for watching again. For organizations with distributed and constantly changing learners, e-learning has huge benefits when compared to classroom coaching.
Much effort has been put into the technical reuse of electronically-based teaching materials and in particular creating or re-using learning objects. These are self-contained units that are properly tagged with keyboards, or other metadata and often stored in XML file format. Creating a course requires putting together a sequence of learning objects and open non-commercial peer-reviewed repositions of learning objects such as the Merlot repository exist.
A common standard format for e-learning contents is SCORM and LOM. These standards themselves are early in the maturity process the oldest being 8 year old. SIF is primarily PK-12, LOM is primarily corp, military and higher education and SCORM is primarily military and corp with same higher education PESC- the post-secondary education standards council- is also making headway in developing standards and learning objects for the higher Ed. Space, while SIF is beginning to seriously turn towards instructional and achievements are critical metadata for linking e-learning objects in that space. The first general purpose system for computer assisted institution from which e-learning evolved, was the PLATO system developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The Plato system evolved in the involvement of control data who created the first authoring software used to create learning content. the authoring software was called Plato. The science research council then wrote the first CAI system of Math for K-6. Wicat systems then created WISE as their authoring tool using Pascal and developed English and math curriculum for K-6. It is from this design that all the computer learning centers globally evolved and which were the forerunners of e-learning.
Sanskrit as E-learning:
Sanskrit is one of the oldest language of the world. It can be called as a “language of consciousness”, may be it opens the spiritual literature. But Sanskrit, not restricting itself to spirituality and religion has its literature too. And for us to understand the beauty behind those copious beautiful text learning is a must. Sanskrit, which was a primary language and communication, once upon a time in India full form, but in bits in pieces, in some or the other way in various Indian languages is a matter of recapitulation of a language. India was ruled by foreigners for over 800 years. Before than Sanskrit was the court language all over the country. However, during mughal rule the language suffered the most as Hinduism, itself was under attack. Then the British came with their goal to rule the country and they in a systematic manner tried to kill Sanskrit, the fountainhead of the Indian culture. Sanskrit is a treasure house of knowledge in the fields of philosophy, literature, physics, astronomy, medicine, mathematics and music. Now a days lots of non-Hindus like Muslims and Christians are joining hands to hands to learn Sanskrit .most of the Indians scriptures are in Sanskrit, so if one wants to know every aspects of Indian culture, Sanskrit learning will sure beneficial for him.
E-learning system has given importance to Sanskrit language. Sanskrit is on the top of the list in learning language through e-learning. E- learning in Sanskrit language can be classified into two classes. Firstly, Sanskrit learning through e-learning can be online where one can learn Sanskrit through internet, web world on line. Secondly, it is off line. In this we also use computer and learning tools but it is not online causes this is done through interactive CDs, multimedia CDs, audiotapes, software. Which is beneficial for learning Sanskrit. We can say offline learning is more in popular because it is prepared very nicely in well-stepped manner and in interactive design and presented in CDs, multimedia VCDs which are available all over the world. These are prepared for beginners specially so that one, even foreigners can learn the language Sanskrit very interestingly.
To make our culture live, many Indian software company have contributed in this regard. They have prepared software, online dictionaries of Sanskrit, CDs making available for everyone throughout the world. Not only Indian, but foreign institution, have also contributed to make Sanskrit e-learning successful and useful. These are so many scholar of Sanskrit in foreign countries like US, Canada, Japan, China who have devoted their lives for the upliftment and development of this language. These are so many websites on which one can learn Sanskrit from beginning upto a very advanced level. Almost every websites can be viewed free of cost and online dictionary, software etc can be accessed. These websites have dictionaries as well as voice-chats in Sanskrit, tutorial classes for learners, downloadable software, fonts, and making friends with Sanskrit speaker and online conversation guide to with them. Many sites teaches pronunciation of a Sanskrit alphabets. One can easily access the live tutorial class happening anywhere online free of cost.
On the second hand these are also some commercial websites who charge nominal fees for viewing their sites. After becoming member of those websites one can access that sites and access to the advanced online classes for beginner learners of Sanskrit. One can also order for the interactive CDs, VCDs, audiotapes, software online and they will get home delivered within a week. May be a little economical motive behind this but of course yet it is useful for learners and for the perseverance of ancient language which is more scientific even it is very old language.
Following are the brief description of different websites specialized in Sanskrit learning:
i. My language-exchange.com:- This is a website which gives emphasis on language learning through exchange via e-mail, text chat and voice chat. In this we can learn Sanskrit online by practicing with a native speaker who is learning our language. We can write or speak Sanskrit online to improve grammar or conversation. A language exchange complements other forms of learning such as classroom, cultural immersion and multimedia, because we get to practice all that we have learned with native speakers in a safe and supportive environment.
The most important feature of this site is one can learn the real Sanskrit language in slang, expressions etc used by ordinary native speakers. Secondly, making a friend in the Sanskrit speaking culture. We can practice over Sanskrit by writing emails to pen pals. Practice written conversation by using text chat system provided pre in this site. A learner can also practice speaking using voice chat through this.
No Fee required: The site provide free, helpful guidelines and tips on how to do a Sanskrit language exchange, as well as free lessons plans designed by an expert in language exchange learning. The activities are fun so one can easily “break the ice” with his/her new learning partner and get effective practice.
ii. Acharya website: The Acharya website disseminates information relating to computing Indian languages basically within Sanskrit. The information presented at this site reflects the experiences gained at the systems development laboratory in the department of computer science and engineering at IIT Madras. These experiences relate to the project undertaken at the laboratory where software tools for developing interactive computer applications in different regional languages of India have been set up.
This project carried out at SDL relates to computing with Indian languages. Application development is based on a set of software tools created to work with text in different Indian languages and scripts.
The software base for application development is distinguished by features which provide uniformity in the use of the applications across all the language/scripts of India. The application work transparently across languages on account of the unique coding scheme used for representing text in terms of syllabus. The application developed as part of the multilingual systems project have been distributed per on the internet. This web site presents an example of online interactive lessons to help people learn Sanskrit.
Technical aspects of computing with Indian languages have also been covered in the pages presented at the site. In essence the site serves as a source of reference on several aspects of computing which are relevant in the context of information technology selecting to expansion of Sanskrit language.
(a) Learning Sanskrit through this site: We can find information relating to Sanskrit and also a set of basic lessons to learn the language. The lessons have been presented in a unique manner allowing as to read the Devnagari script easily without having install any special text or software. Almost any browser on any system such as Microsoft windows, Linux, Macintosh or other UNIX machine will be able to correctly display the text of the lessons.
(b) Sanskrit Lessons- The online images for Sanskrit lessons are generated on the fly from special text files prepared using the multilingual software developed at IIT, Madras. This approach more or less guarantees error free display of the text on almost all the systems running a web browser.
Apart from the Sanskrit lessons, these pages also carry interesting information relating to Sanskrit that is generally not known outside India.
(c) Structure of the lessons and assignments: The series of twelve lessons is aimed at giving the student at reasonally good introduction to the language. The learner will be able to frame sentences relating to daily activities in life and thus will gain enough confidence to converse in Sanskrit with a smaller vocabulary to begin with.
The structure of the lessons is quite different from that of lessons found in conventional Sanskrit primer. It is hoped that 12 lessons would provide enough details for the students to understand the basic grammar of Sanskrit and sentence formation rules. The students also not required to know the Devnagari script. It is assumed than he/she is familiar with the terminology of English grammar. Children may also be able to follow the lesson, if parents are able to explain to them the meaning of the grammatical terms used in the lessons.
A very important point is that the Devnagari text is shown along with
Ranan Transliteration using standard diactrical marks to help understand the pronunciation of the letter and words.
iii. www.ee.adfa.edu.au: This is an another important sites for keep learning Sanskrit language. This site provides Sanskrit to English glossary and English to Sanskrit glossary as well. Also it has dictionary of technical terms in Sanskrit complied by Ramchandra Rao.
(a) Dhaatu:- it has the list of the dhaatus and their lakaar from on this site to browse or copy. It has an excellent dhaturataakar software from Rastriya Sanskrit Sansthan. Dhaatus are listed in sacral Sanskrit sarani-part 1&2 gifted by Sri Aurbindo Ashrama to this site. Other contents of this sites are future tense forms, tumun-pratyaya forms listed in saral Sanskrit sarani, tva-pratyaya list in saral Sanskrit, kta-pratyaya list, nijant-forms (causative form) listed in this sites. Of course these are very essential for beginners of Sanskrit language.
(b) Online Sanskrit dictionary: One can download and install Louis Bonte’s windows interface to monier. Williams Dictionary, using a PC. It is extremely easy to install and is an extraordinary help in learning Sanskrit. The entire setup consists of Louis Barte’s interface programme, MW dictionary database and font files. The directions for installing, which are no more than unzipping and keeping all the files in one order.
There is another fully html based dictionary which one can get online or download on one’s own computer.
This dictionary has been put together by Prof. Richard Mahoney, and its totally in Roman script.
Other important Sanskrit dictionaries which are available online are online Apte’s dictionary, online-monier-Williams dictionary, online-MacDonnell, Arthur Anthony.
A practical Sanskrit dictionary, by Oxford University Press, Sanskrit to Pali and vice-versa dictionaries etc.
(c ) Fonts: It has Sanskrit 99, Sanskrit 2003, chandas, paitub, paitubi, paitui, uttara, code 2000.
(d) Stories: This sites also contains short stories. After learning Sanskrit upto beginner level one can understand by reading or listening short stories of Sanskrit literature.
(e) other links from this sites: This sites also provides important links to other sites, premier Sanskrit institute freely and directly.
(iv) Sanskrit documents list learning Tools.htm: This file provides following services for beginners of Sanskrit language. All dictionaries and lessons, chapters can be used free of cost.
Sanskrit dictionary
Online Sanskrit Dictionaries The online Sanskrit dictionary is intended to build a repository of Sanskrit words/meanings in a simple, easy-to-extend format. We hope you find it useful and also contribute in adding more words to the collection -
Search for words in the dictionary.
The complete text of the dictionary is available in -
PS
PDF OR
Text format.
Amarakosha, Sanskrit thesaurus.
For more information on the dictionary see -
Atul's Sanskrit Bharati homepage 1 OR
Hindunet's Sanskrit Bharati homepage 2
Sanskrit dictionary efforts
Tutorials & documentation:
Sanskrit Tutorial - Charles Wikner -
Browsable and Indexed GIF version
Postscript version. See .ps in formats and viewers. (File size is about 1.3Mb.
PDF1 and PDF2. PDF1(1Mb) is smaller and suitable for both PC and Mac. See .pdf in formats and viewers.
Announcement
Font Announcement
Another version of postscript (600dpi) document
Sanskrit ReadMe File
Another version of postscript in Letter Size
Another version of postscript in A4 Size
A zipped postscript file
Read Charles Wikner's reply on the purpose of the document here. His FTP url is ftp.nac.ac.za/wikner/. He advises - "Beware: there is a very thin piece of wire to South Africa, and it is stretched rather taut, so the best time to ftp would be Sunday morning local time (GMT+2:00)".
Sanskrit Tutorial translated in French by Yann Leglise -
postscript
PDF
Please read notes about this translation. Email: Yann.Leglise@wanadoo.fr for more information.
Excellent "Introduction to Sanskrit" series at Sringeri Vidya Bharati Foundation: Units 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
The Le arn Sanskrit Series is developed by Mr. Vasudeva Bhat on ourkarnataka site. There are 39 lessons (Nov 2003) whic h are also translated in Kannada. For Kannadigas, this is an excellent site.
Ralph Bunker's files at http://www.lisco.com/rbunker/sanskrit which contain Perry's grammar notes and translational exercises (Sanskrit to English), Sandhi table, and Panini's Shiva sutras.
Samskritapriyah - and the Samskrit Education in Chennai, India. Information relating to Sanskrit and set of basic lessons to learn the language through self study. Devnagari Script via browser (without having to install any Fonts) , This site has a useful multilingual editor developed by Indian Institute of Technology Madras, at Chennai, and is available at http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/software/iitmed.html It may be used in a number of ways to prepare documents in Sanskrit and all the Indian languages. Inline images for the tutorial are generated from special text files prepared using the Multilingual Software. Contact Professor Kalyana Krishnan for additional information.
Kalidasa Samskrita Kendram in Chennai presents "Teaching Sanskrit Through Web" series of lessons. The center offers diploma courses in Sanskrit. The founder V.C. Govindarajan vcgrajan at yahoo.com has also initiated a Kalidasa group on yahoo where the lessons are first posted and discussed. The Kendram site also holds "Articles on History of Sanskrit Literature."
Master Sanskrit Easily written and presented by Dr. Narayan Kansara of Ahmedabad. This is an extensive 301 page tutorial and is well formatted for two sided booklet printing. The entire text is in Roman with Diacritics. Its details are summarized in the Preface text file. Get the PDF files as Title, Parts 1, 2, and 3.
SunderlokaH online learning utility developed by Barry McKay. Barry has listed many useful links in the main index. Requires registration.
A step by ste p lessons in Sanskrit are provided at http://www.chitrapurmath.net/sanskrit/stepping_aheadr.htm . A registration (free) is needed to access all the lessons.
Spiritual Seeker's Essential Guide to Sanskrit prepared by Dennis Waite dennis.waite at virgin.net .
Dr. Sudhir Kaicker, Director, Computer Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, has coordinated development of a Sanskrit tutor called SanskritaPradipika for PC-Windows. It is available for download (after free registration) at http://www.sanskrit-lamp.org/. The file size is over 20 Mb.
Mandar Deo conducted a Sanskrit Class and have presented the class material, notes, and assignments for download. They include Why Sanskrit?, Present Tense (Simple Sentences), Introduction to Vibhakti, Vibhaktis (Cases), Elements of a verb word, Practice for translation (including a simple story of Dhruva), Gerunds and Participles, Tenses and Participles, and Concluding Translations.
Gabriel Pradiipaka and Andres Muni have compiled a procedure to Learn Sanskrit Language Step by Step. The FAQ written by Gabriel may be inspiring for new students.
Vedic Accents:
Notes on Vedic accents by Charles Wikner. Postscript and PDF-Acrobat files. (July 1997).
ITX PS PDF XDVNG GIF - svaramaJNjarii or vaidikasvarapaddhati text + trans. on Vedic accentsgrammar rules related to accents (by Tryambak B. Abhyankar)
Grammar
Sanskrit alphabets, their strokes and sounds: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
ITrans PS PDF GIF - A chart of Devanaagarii letters for beginners
ITrans PS PDF GIF HTML - Consonant-Vowel combination, baaraakhaDii (ka, kaa, ki, ... GYaH)
ITrans PS PDF HTML - Numbers (cardinals, ordinals, fractions, time telling) in Sanskrit
ITrans PS HTML GIF Numbers in Hindi
ITrans PS PDF GIF HTML A pronunciation table for the Sanskrit alphabet
ITrans PS PDF GIF Introduction to Sanskrit Grammar; (needs proof-reading/correction)
ITrans PS PDF Sanskrit Nouns/Verbs tables - "shabdavibhaktii pratyaya". (needs proof-reading/correction)
Automatic vibhaktiipratyaya generation by Gerard Huet's declension display and grammarian engine.
Gerard Huet's Sanskrit reader and sandhi analysis utility. It can break a sentence in words, try sugandhi.mpu.s.tivardhanam. It requires TeX/Velthuis convention transliteration entry.
Indian Lexicon by Dr. Kalyanraman
Roots ITRANS HTML Dhaatu PaaTha list of 2200 roots from Indian Lexicon Site
Verbs ITRANS HTML Verb forms (Whitney) from Indian Lexicon Site
Shabda Vyutpatti Nirukta is on-line at: http://tiger.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/mtokunag/skt_texts/nirukta.gz encoded by Tokunaga in Kyoto encoded format.
Sanskrit Flash Cards containing over 3000 basic words and their meaning organized in 300+ pages. The site also contains English translations of plays: Bhasa's Carudatta in Poverty (daridra chaarudattam), The Minister's Vows (pratij~naa yaugandharaayaNam), The Vision of Vasavadatta (svapna vaasavadattam), Harsha's Nagananda and Priyadarshika, and Kalidasa's Shakuntala. In addition, it has English translation of Swargarohanika Parvan in Mahabharata, and French translation Mah⢨ⲡta, Strrva ou Livre des Femmes.
TEX PS PDF - dhaatu ruupaaNi - verb tables and templates from Himanshu Pota (uses SKT)
ITrans HTML JAVA - Sanskrit word declensions from Avinash Sathaye's Sanskrit Goodies page (uses QDATR)
Dr Shivamurthy Swamiji of Sri Taralabalu Jagadguru Brihanmath, Sirigere - 577 541 Karnataka, India, has developed a software Ganakastadhyayi for PC-Win95/98/XP (not for NT) use for broader study of Panini's Ashtadhyayi. It includes pada-paaTha, Vrittis, and explanation. The newer version will have the option of selecting Roman script or Devangari script. The Vrittis in Siddhanta Kaumudi and Laghu Kaumudi will also be given separately. The data is being revised and updated.
Panini's Ashtadhyayi or suutrapATha is also available in Sanskrit in different formats among major works.
A selected word index to the nighaNTu and the nirukta studied and presented by Charles Wikner. The file (postscript and PDF) provides cross-index between some of the chapters, relating to synonyms, list of grammarians, technical terms, dhaatu and word index. The text is in Devnagari and Roman+diacritics. (April 2001).
The book Sanskrit Prosody and Numerical Symbols Explained by Charles Phillip Brown published in 1869 is available on the Google books library. Login to an account is needed.
Sandhi program for simulating Varadaraja's Laghu Siddhanta Kaumudi Sanskrit Sandhi system. Written by "Chetan Pandey chetanpandey at yahoo.com. Also a software for converting Roman Itrans into Devanagari-Sanskrit is available.
Some Simple Sanskrit stories -
Sanskrit kathaa
Sanskrit learning/speaking camp experience notes -
ITrans
PS
PDF
Conversational Sanskrit (lessons and documents)
Sanskrit Bharati, based in Bangalore, India (Bharat) has been instrumental in promoting conversational Sanskrit on world-wide basis. The program has been circulated through camps, publications, correspondence courses, studies through personal contacts, and by various means suitable to individual's needs. The following books are some of their publications.
ITrans PS PDF GIF One Thousand Sentences for conversation Sanskrita Vyavahaara Sahasari.
1000 Sentences for Sanskrit Conversation - Sanskrita Vyavahaara Sahasari in Browseable Index of gif files.
Sanskrit Bharati's abhyaasa pustakaM, a book for self study. The pages in the book are individually scanned to JPEG image format. The scanned images given below were re-edited, improved, bundled in MS Word files, and are provided in zip format for interested individuals pages1to10.zip, pages11to20.zip, pages21to30.zip.
Pages 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
Sanskrit Bharati's exercises for students of conversational camps.
ITrans PS PDF GIF HTML Exercise 1
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Software:
Bhagavadgita - A verse a day PC/DOS utility by Ajaya Durg.
Technology Development for Indian Languages, TDIL, a program launched by Department of Information Technology, Govt. of India in 1991, has developed excellent tools related to word processing and analysis of Indian languages. The tools can be downloaded freely with simple registration from http://tdil.mit.gov.in/download/menu.htm. Some of the software include · Indian Language Keyboard Driver and Fonts· iLEAP an Intelligent, Internet ready Indian language word processor on Windows· Desika: Natural Language Understanding System for Sanskrit· Shabdhabodha:to analyze the semantic and · syntactic structure of Sanskrit sentences.· Geeta Reader· Apex Language Processor (ALP) is a character mode Word processor· Akshar (Word processor) for Windows· Punjabi Spellchecker · Speech Synthesizer
Sivananda Org -
http://www.sivananda.org/misc/anim/anim.htm Chakras - Animated ShockWave of the Chakras with pronunciations of the Biija aksharas.
Sanskrit Pronunciation Audio Utilities for PC/Dos/Win -
Audio-utility by Dennis Waite -
ReadMe File
Utility
Winsys system utils
VB4 - OLE/OCX utils
(v) http://sanskrit.sriaurbindoashram.org.in: This is one of the favorite sites for the learners who wants learn Sanskrit via e-learning systems. It contains interesting and tidy Sanskrit lessons. It is an official site of Aurbindo ashram, Pondicherry.
(vi) www.tilakpyle.com: Mainly this is the site for online Sanskrit pronunciation guide. The importance of pronunciation I cannot be ignored while speaking or learning any language. So, this site provides online resources for pronouncing Sanskrit guides, the corresponding transliteration, English translations, and stream able audio files of these words being pronounced easily in this sites.
(vii) www.sanskrit.org: It is a very popular guide enhancing the vocabulary in this language and underlying the rule of vibhakti and sondhi of Sanskrit grammar. Sanskrit learners can learn basic Sanskrit grammar easily through this sites.
(viii) http://sanskrit.gde.to/index.html: This is an attempt to make “a practical Sanskrit introductory” by Charles Wikner, an excellent and free tutorial learning materials for Sanskrit language and Devnagari script, available to every person.
(ix) http://sanskrit.farmfranseal.com: This site provides a concise study of the Sanskrit language along with its culture, literature etc.
(x) www.brahmanas.org: This is a popular south Indian sites in which Kalidasa-samskrita-kendram is started to serve for the learning of the Sanskrit language particularly in Tamilnadu and Pondicherry states.
(xi) http://www.sanskrit-sanscrito.com.or: This contains Sanskrit language, yoga, Indian philosophies, Sanskrit sentence, names in Sanskrit, dictionary of free Sanskrit links, Sanskrit translations and much more from foreign language also.
(xii) http://sanskritlinks.blogspot.com: This site is created to consolidate various links related to Sanskrit. One can learn Sanskrit through Spanish, French, German etc. any foreign language.
(xiii) http://www.ourkarnataka.com: This is the very popular site for learning Sanskrit through Karnad as well as English. It provides online dictionaries, free tutorial classes, pronunciation guide etc.
(i) Individual effort of Chamuu Krishna Shashtri for making Sanskrit popular
Chamu Krishna Shashtri was very upset at the gradual decline of an ancient Indian language. But during the last two decades of he succeeded in initiating at least four million Indians into speaking the language without making the mistake of associating the language with any particular region. He, himself published eight audio cassettes and two CD rooms to help learning the language a simple exercise through e-learning. These software and CDs are being taught in 13 countries.
(ii) Sanskrit Academy:
Its address is P.O. Box 110218, Campbell, CA95011. It has website www.samskrtam.org It is an academy for Sanskrit learning center. Here CD rooms, multimedia CDs and electronic dictionary, are made for the learners. One can order directly from one’s home and the learning tools will be delivered with some extra charge.
(iii) Learn Sanskrit for beginners CD-Rom:
This is an unique tools for e-learning of Sanskrit. It costs $14.95. It has very simple and clear lessons for learning Sanskrit, beginning from the very basis of writing and pronunciation, Upto complex grammar and comprehension. This is the complete multimedia CD Rom for learning Sanskrit.
It covers almost every topics of Sanskrit grammar very systematically. Above all, this has exercises and quizzes on alphabet recognition, word recognition, numerals, pronunciation, basic grammar, vocabulary, sandhi, case, gender, compound sentences etc.
Conclusion:
So like many languages Sanskrit is also getting popular through e-learning system. Many people whether they are students or teacher or anyone who want to learn Sanskrit language are getting benefited by this e-learning system. Not only Indians, but thousands of foreigners comes online daily for Sanskrit learning.
Here, are some comments from all over the world after learning Sanskrit language.
HEMANT DUBEY
B.A. 2nd Year (Korean)
3rd Semester
CJKNEAS,
SLL&CS, JNU.nhemant270dubey@yahoo.co.in
The topic of my project under the optional course “Language Technology in India” is a handbook of Sanskrit E-learning systems. It is basically search based project in which I visited many sites to gather information. This project presents a brief description about language technology in India and importance of this optional course along with our core course. I have also presented the importance of e-learning in this computer age along with the importance of Sanskrit language and its acceptance worldwide. In the last, I have shown the different sources, sites in ‘Reference’ which were very helpful for me to know about the topic and specific area related to Sanskrit language.
A Brief description of Language Technology in India:
Language technology in India is very important research area not only in linguistic approach but for social cause also. India is a country of languages. Almost every Indians know tow or three or more regional or national language. It is said that in India the language changes miles to mile. Nagaland, a state of India is a very small state but due to language diversity All India Radio was to broadcast the news in 18 languages for Nagaland people with two languages in Hindi, English. This is enough to show the huge diversity in languages of India. Then it is an important problem that in spite of the existence of such diversity, how Indians can be united socially or how we can break the barriers of language in our progress path: language technology research is an attempt to this problem. Language technology will make every languages scientific and make useful for computers. Due to this computer will work in every regional language also. A native Bengali speaker will we computer application fluently without knowing a specific language. His own language will be resource for the further research related to computer or language. So many dictionaries in many regional languages are available know whether that is English-Bengali, Bengali-Marathi, Oriya to English etc.
About our optional course LTI
The course ‘Language Technology in India’ provided for graduate students of JNU by special centre for Sanskrit Study is very unique and relevant course. It is based on language technology research being done in India’s premier institute and various linguistic approach language as well as Machine Translation. This course gives an outline of language in scientific perspective and use of language in technology. Now JNU is also a research site in this area basically related to Sanskrit language. Many guest speakers related to technology field i.e., from Microsoft Co., and lecturers from C’DAC presented their lecture time to time for the successful completion of this course.
About E-learning, its advantages and growth: With Sanskrit
E-learning is an all-encompassing from generally used to refer to computer enhanced learning, although it is often extended to include the use of mobile technologies such as PDA and MP3 players. It may include the use of web based teaching materials and hypermedia in general, multimedia CD-Rom’s or websites, discussion board, collaborative software, e-mail, blogs, wikis, computer aided assessment, educational animation, simulations, games, learning management software, electronic voting systems and more.
Along with the terms learning technology and educational technology, the term e-learning is generally used to refer to the use of technology in learning in a much broader sense than the computer-based training or computer aided instructions. It is also broader than the terms online learning or online education which generally refer to purely web-based learning. In cases where mobile technologies are used, the term M-learning has become more common. E-learning is naturally suited to distance learning and flexible learning, but can also be used in conjunction with face to face teaching, in which the case is termed as Blended learning.
E-learning can also refer to educational web sites such as those offerings worksheets and interactive exercises for children. The term is also used extensively in the business sector where it generally refers to cost-effective online-training.
Advantages of e-learning often include flexibility and convenience for the learner especially if they have other commitments, facilitation of communication between learners, greater adaptability to a learner’s needs more variety in learning experience with the use of multimedia and the non-verbal presentation of teaching material. Video instruction provides visual and audio learning that can be paused, and reversed for watching again. For organizations with distributed and constantly changing learners, e-learning has huge benefits when compared to classroom coaching.
Much effort has been put into the technical reuse of electronically-based teaching materials and in particular creating or re-using learning objects. These are self-contained units that are properly tagged with keyboards, or other metadata and often stored in XML file format. Creating a course requires putting together a sequence of learning objects and open non-commercial peer-reviewed repositions of learning objects such as the Merlot repository exist.
A common standard format for e-learning contents is SCORM and LOM. These standards themselves are early in the maturity process the oldest being 8 year old. SIF is primarily PK-12, LOM is primarily corp, military and higher education and SCORM is primarily military and corp with same higher education PESC- the post-secondary education standards council- is also making headway in developing standards and learning objects for the higher Ed. Space, while SIF is beginning to seriously turn towards instructional and achievements are critical metadata for linking e-learning objects in that space. The first general purpose system for computer assisted institution from which e-learning evolved, was the PLATO system developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The Plato system evolved in the involvement of control data who created the first authoring software used to create learning content. the authoring software was called Plato. The science research council then wrote the first CAI system of Math for K-6. Wicat systems then created WISE as their authoring tool using Pascal and developed English and math curriculum for K-6. It is from this design that all the computer learning centers globally evolved and which were the forerunners of e-learning.
Sanskrit as E-learning:
Sanskrit is one of the oldest language of the world. It can be called as a “language of consciousness”, may be it opens the spiritual literature. But Sanskrit, not restricting itself to spirituality and religion has its literature too. And for us to understand the beauty behind those copious beautiful text learning is a must. Sanskrit, which was a primary language and communication, once upon a time in India full form, but in bits in pieces, in some or the other way in various Indian languages is a matter of recapitulation of a language. India was ruled by foreigners for over 800 years. Before than Sanskrit was the court language all over the country. However, during mughal rule the language suffered the most as Hinduism, itself was under attack. Then the British came with their goal to rule the country and they in a systematic manner tried to kill Sanskrit, the fountainhead of the Indian culture. Sanskrit is a treasure house of knowledge in the fields of philosophy, literature, physics, astronomy, medicine, mathematics and music. Now a days lots of non-Hindus like Muslims and Christians are joining hands to hands to learn Sanskrit .most of the Indians scriptures are in Sanskrit, so if one wants to know every aspects of Indian culture, Sanskrit learning will sure beneficial for him.
E-learning system has given importance to Sanskrit language. Sanskrit is on the top of the list in learning language through e-learning. E- learning in Sanskrit language can be classified into two classes. Firstly, Sanskrit learning through e-learning can be online where one can learn Sanskrit through internet, web world on line. Secondly, it is off line. In this we also use computer and learning tools but it is not online causes this is done through interactive CDs, multimedia CDs, audiotapes, software. Which is beneficial for learning Sanskrit. We can say offline learning is more in popular because it is prepared very nicely in well-stepped manner and in interactive design and presented in CDs, multimedia VCDs which are available all over the world. These are prepared for beginners specially so that one, even foreigners can learn the language Sanskrit very interestingly.
To make our culture live, many Indian software company have contributed in this regard. They have prepared software, online dictionaries of Sanskrit, CDs making available for everyone throughout the world. Not only Indian, but foreign institution, have also contributed to make Sanskrit e-learning successful and useful. These are so many scholar of Sanskrit in foreign countries like US, Canada, Japan, China who have devoted their lives for the upliftment and development of this language. These are so many websites on which one can learn Sanskrit from beginning upto a very advanced level. Almost every websites can be viewed free of cost and online dictionary, software etc can be accessed. These websites have dictionaries as well as voice-chats in Sanskrit, tutorial classes for learners, downloadable software, fonts, and making friends with Sanskrit speaker and online conversation guide to with them. Many sites teaches pronunciation of a Sanskrit alphabets. One can easily access the live tutorial class happening anywhere online free of cost.
On the second hand these are also some commercial websites who charge nominal fees for viewing their sites. After becoming member of those websites one can access that sites and access to the advanced online classes for beginner learners of Sanskrit. One can also order for the interactive CDs, VCDs, audiotapes, software online and they will get home delivered within a week. May be a little economical motive behind this but of course yet it is useful for learners and for the perseverance of ancient language which is more scientific even it is very old language.
Following are the brief description of different websites specialized in Sanskrit learning:
i. My language-exchange.com:- This is a website which gives emphasis on language learning through exchange via e-mail, text chat and voice chat. In this we can learn Sanskrit online by practicing with a native speaker who is learning our language. We can write or speak Sanskrit online to improve grammar or conversation. A language exchange complements other forms of learning such as classroom, cultural immersion and multimedia, because we get to practice all that we have learned with native speakers in a safe and supportive environment.
The most important feature of this site is one can learn the real Sanskrit language in slang, expressions etc used by ordinary native speakers. Secondly, making a friend in the Sanskrit speaking culture. We can practice over Sanskrit by writing emails to pen pals. Practice written conversation by using text chat system provided pre in this site. A learner can also practice speaking using voice chat through this.
No Fee required: The site provide free, helpful guidelines and tips on how to do a Sanskrit language exchange, as well as free lessons plans designed by an expert in language exchange learning. The activities are fun so one can easily “break the ice” with his/her new learning partner and get effective practice.
ii. Acharya website: The Acharya website disseminates information relating to computing Indian languages basically within Sanskrit. The information presented at this site reflects the experiences gained at the systems development laboratory in the department of computer science and engineering at IIT Madras. These experiences relate to the project undertaken at the laboratory where software tools for developing interactive computer applications in different regional languages of India have been set up.
This project carried out at SDL relates to computing with Indian languages. Application development is based on a set of software tools created to work with text in different Indian languages and scripts.
The software base for application development is distinguished by features which provide uniformity in the use of the applications across all the language/scripts of India. The application work transparently across languages on account of the unique coding scheme used for representing text in terms of syllabus. The application developed as part of the multilingual systems project have been distributed per on the internet. This web site presents an example of online interactive lessons to help people learn Sanskrit.
Technical aspects of computing with Indian languages have also been covered in the pages presented at the site. In essence the site serves as a source of reference on several aspects of computing which are relevant in the context of information technology selecting to expansion of Sanskrit language.
(a) Learning Sanskrit through this site: We can find information relating to Sanskrit and also a set of basic lessons to learn the language. The lessons have been presented in a unique manner allowing as to read the Devnagari script easily without having install any special text or software. Almost any browser on any system such as Microsoft windows, Linux, Macintosh or other UNIX machine will be able to correctly display the text of the lessons.
(b) Sanskrit Lessons- The online images for Sanskrit lessons are generated on the fly from special text files prepared using the multilingual software developed at IIT, Madras. This approach more or less guarantees error free display of the text on almost all the systems running a web browser.
Apart from the Sanskrit lessons, these pages also carry interesting information relating to Sanskrit that is generally not known outside India.
(c) Structure of the lessons and assignments: The series of twelve lessons is aimed at giving the student at reasonally good introduction to the language. The learner will be able to frame sentences relating to daily activities in life and thus will gain enough confidence to converse in Sanskrit with a smaller vocabulary to begin with.
The structure of the lessons is quite different from that of lessons found in conventional Sanskrit primer. It is hoped that 12 lessons would provide enough details for the students to understand the basic grammar of Sanskrit and sentence formation rules. The students also not required to know the Devnagari script. It is assumed than he/she is familiar with the terminology of English grammar. Children may also be able to follow the lesson, if parents are able to explain to them the meaning of the grammatical terms used in the lessons.
A very important point is that the Devnagari text is shown along with
Ranan Transliteration using standard diactrical marks to help understand the pronunciation of the letter and words.
iii. www.ee.adfa.edu.au: This is an another important sites for keep learning Sanskrit language. This site provides Sanskrit to English glossary and English to Sanskrit glossary as well. Also it has dictionary of technical terms in Sanskrit complied by Ramchandra Rao.
(a) Dhaatu:- it has the list of the dhaatus and their lakaar from on this site to browse or copy. It has an excellent dhaturataakar software from Rastriya Sanskrit Sansthan. Dhaatus are listed in sacral Sanskrit sarani-part 1&2 gifted by Sri Aurbindo Ashrama to this site. Other contents of this sites are future tense forms, tumun-pratyaya forms listed in saral Sanskrit sarani, tva-pratyaya list in saral Sanskrit, kta-pratyaya list, nijant-forms (causative form) listed in this sites. Of course these are very essential for beginners of Sanskrit language.
(b) Online Sanskrit dictionary: One can download and install Louis Bonte’s windows interface to monier. Williams Dictionary, using a PC. It is extremely easy to install and is an extraordinary help in learning Sanskrit. The entire setup consists of Louis Barte’s interface programme, MW dictionary database and font files. The directions for installing, which are no more than unzipping and keeping all the files in one order.
There is another fully html based dictionary which one can get online or download on one’s own computer.
This dictionary has been put together by Prof. Richard Mahoney, and its totally in Roman script.
Other important Sanskrit dictionaries which are available online are online Apte’s dictionary, online-monier-Williams dictionary, online-MacDonnell, Arthur Anthony.
A practical Sanskrit dictionary, by Oxford University Press, Sanskrit to Pali and vice-versa dictionaries etc.
(c ) Fonts: It has Sanskrit 99, Sanskrit 2003, chandas, paitub, paitubi, paitui, uttara, code 2000.
(d) Stories: This sites also contains short stories. After learning Sanskrit upto beginner level one can understand by reading or listening short stories of Sanskrit literature.
(e) other links from this sites: This sites also provides important links to other sites, premier Sanskrit institute freely and directly.
(iv) Sanskrit documents list learning Tools.htm: This file provides following services for beginners of Sanskrit language. All dictionaries and lessons, chapters can be used free of cost.
Sanskrit dictionary
Online Sanskrit Dictionaries The online Sanskrit dictionary is intended to build a repository of Sanskrit words/meanings in a simple, easy-to-extend format. We hope you find it useful and also contribute in adding more words to the collection -
Search for words in the dictionary.
The complete text of the dictionary is available in -
PS
PDF OR
Text format.
Amarakosha, Sanskrit thesaurus.
For more information on the dictionary see -
Atul's Sanskrit Bharati homepage 1 OR
Hindunet's Sanskrit Bharati homepage 2
Sanskrit dictionary efforts
Tutorials & documentation:
Sanskrit Tutorial - Charles Wikner -
Browsable and Indexed GIF version
Postscript version. See .ps in formats and viewers. (File size is about 1.3Mb.
PDF1 and PDF2. PDF1(1Mb) is smaller and suitable for both PC and Mac. See .pdf in formats and viewers.
Announcement
Font Announcement
Another version of postscript (600dpi) document
Sanskrit ReadMe File
Another version of postscript in Letter Size
Another version of postscript in A4 Size
A zipped postscript file
Read Charles Wikner's reply on the purpose of the document here. His FTP url is ftp.nac.ac.za/wikner/. He advises - "Beware: there is a very thin piece of wire to South Africa, and it is stretched rather taut, so the best time to ftp would be Sunday morning local time (GMT+2:00)".
Sanskrit Tutorial translated in French by Yann Leglise -
postscript
Please read notes about this translation. Email: Yann.Leglise@wanadoo.fr for more information.
Excellent "Introduction to Sanskrit" series at Sringeri Vidya Bharati Foundation: Units 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
The Le arn Sanskrit Series is developed by Mr. Vasudeva Bhat on ourkarnataka site. There are 39 lessons (Nov 2003) whic h are also translated in Kannada. For Kannadigas, this is an excellent site.
Ralph Bunker's files at http://www.lisco.com/rbunker/sanskrit which contain Perry's grammar notes and translational exercises (Sanskrit to English), Sandhi table, and Panini's Shiva sutras.
Samskritapriyah - and the Samskrit Education in Chennai, India. Information relating to Sanskrit and set of basic lessons to learn the language through self study. Devnagari Script via browser (without having to install any Fonts) , This site has a useful multilingual editor developed by Indian Institute of Technology Madras, at Chennai, and is available at http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/software/iitmed.html It may be used in a number of ways to prepare documents in Sanskrit and all the Indian languages. Inline images for the tutorial are generated from special text files prepared using the Multilingual Software. Contact Professor Kalyana Krishnan for additional information.
Kalidasa Samskrita Kendram in Chennai presents "Teaching Sanskrit Through Web" series of lessons. The center offers diploma courses in Sanskrit. The founder V.C. Govindarajan vcgrajan at yahoo.com has also initiated a Kalidasa group on yahoo where the lessons are first posted and discussed. The Kendram site also holds "Articles on History of Sanskrit Literature."
Master Sanskrit Easily written and presented by Dr. Narayan Kansara of Ahmedabad. This is an extensive 301 page tutorial and is well formatted for two sided booklet printing. The entire text is in Roman with Diacritics. Its details are summarized in the Preface text file. Get the PDF files as Title, Parts 1, 2, and 3.
SunderlokaH online learning utility developed by Barry McKay. Barry has listed many useful links in the main index. Requires registration.
A step by ste p lessons in Sanskrit are provided at http://www.chitrapurmath.net/sanskrit/stepping_aheadr.htm . A registration (free) is needed to access all the lessons.
Spiritual Seeker's Essential Guide to Sanskrit prepared by Dennis Waite dennis.waite at virgin.net .
Dr. Sudhir Kaicker, Director, Computer Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, has coordinated development of a Sanskrit tutor called SanskritaPradipika for PC-Windows. It is available for download (after free registration) at http://www.sanskrit-lamp.org/. The file size is over 20 Mb.
Mandar Deo conducted a Sanskrit Class and have presented the class material, notes, and assignments for download. They include Why Sanskrit?, Present Tense (Simple Sentences), Introduction to Vibhakti, Vibhaktis (Cases), Elements of a verb word, Practice for translation (including a simple story of Dhruva), Gerunds and Participles, Tenses and Participles, and Concluding Translations.
Gabriel Pradiipaka and Andres Muni have compiled a procedure to Learn Sanskrit Language Step by Step. The FAQ written by Gabriel may be inspiring for new students.
Vedic Accents:
Notes on Vedic accents by Charles Wikner. Postscript and PDF-Acrobat files. (July 1997).
ITX PS PDF XDVNG GIF - svaramaJNjarii or vaidikasvarapaddhati text + trans. on Vedic accentsgrammar rules related to accents (by Tryambak B. Abhyankar)
Grammar
Sanskrit alphabets, their strokes and sounds: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
ITrans PS PDF GIF - A chart of Devanaagarii letters for beginners
ITrans PS PDF GIF HTML - Consonant-Vowel combination, baaraakhaDii (ka, kaa, ki, ... GYaH)
ITrans PS PDF HTML - Numbers (cardinals, ordinals, fractions, time telling) in Sanskrit
ITrans PS HTML GIF Numbers in Hindi
ITrans PS PDF GIF HTML A pronunciation table for the Sanskrit alphabet
ITrans PS PDF GIF Introduction to Sanskrit Grammar; (needs proof-reading/correction)
ITrans PS PDF Sanskrit Nouns/Verbs tables - "shabdavibhaktii pratyaya". (needs proof-reading/correction)
Automatic vibhaktiipratyaya generation by Gerard Huet's declension display and grammarian engine.
Gerard Huet's Sanskrit reader and sandhi analysis utility. It can break a sentence in words, try sugandhi.mpu.s.tivardhanam. It requires TeX/Velthuis convention transliteration entry.
Indian Lexicon by Dr. Kalyanraman
Roots ITRANS HTML Dhaatu PaaTha list of 2200 roots from Indian Lexicon Site
Verbs ITRANS HTML Verb forms (Whitney) from Indian Lexicon Site
Shabda Vyutpatti Nirukta is on-line at: http://tiger.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/mtokunag/skt_texts/nirukta.gz encoded by Tokunaga in Kyoto encoded format.
Sanskrit Flash Cards containing over 3000 basic words and their meaning organized in 300+ pages. The site also contains English translations of plays: Bhasa's Carudatta in Poverty (daridra chaarudattam), The Minister's Vows (pratij~naa yaugandharaayaNam), The Vision of Vasavadatta (svapna vaasavadattam), Harsha's Nagananda and Priyadarshika, and Kalidasa's Shakuntala. In addition, it has English translation of Swargarohanika Parvan in Mahabharata, and French translation Mah⢨ⲡta, Strrva ou Livre des Femmes.
TEX PS PDF - dhaatu ruupaaNi - verb tables and templates from Himanshu Pota (uses SKT)
ITrans HTML JAVA - Sanskrit word declensions from Avinash Sathaye's Sanskrit Goodies page (uses QDATR)
Dr Shivamurthy Swamiji of Sri Taralabalu Jagadguru Brihanmath, Sirigere - 577 541 Karnataka, India, has developed a software Ganakastadhyayi for PC-Win95/98/XP (not for NT) use for broader study of Panini's Ashtadhyayi. It includes pada-paaTha, Vrittis, and explanation. The newer version will have the option of selecting Roman script or Devangari script. The Vrittis in Siddhanta Kaumudi and Laghu Kaumudi will also be given separately. The data is being revised and updated.
Panini's Ashtadhyayi or suutrapATha is also available in Sanskrit in different formats among major works.
A selected word index to the nighaNTu and the nirukta studied and presented by Charles Wikner. The file (postscript and PDF) provides cross-index between some of the chapters, relating to synonyms, list of grammarians, technical terms, dhaatu and word index. The text is in Devnagari and Roman+diacritics. (April 2001).
The book Sanskrit Prosody and Numerical Symbols Explained by Charles Phillip Brown published in 1869 is available on the Google books library. Login to an account is needed.
Sandhi program for simulating Varadaraja's Laghu Siddhanta Kaumudi Sanskrit Sandhi system. Written by "Chetan Pandey chetanpandey at yahoo.com. Also a software for converting Roman Itrans into Devanagari-Sanskrit is available.
Some Simple Sanskrit stories -
Sanskrit kathaa
Sanskrit learning/speaking camp experience notes -
ITrans
PS
Conversational Sanskrit (lessons and documents)
Sanskrit Bharati, based in Bangalore, India (Bharat) has been instrumental in promoting conversational Sanskrit on world-wide basis. The program has been circulated through camps, publications, correspondence courses, studies through personal contacts, and by various means suitable to individual's needs. The following books are some of their publications.
ITrans PS PDF GIF One Thousand Sentences for conversation Sanskrita Vyavahaara Sahasari.
1000 Sentences for Sanskrit Conversation - Sanskrita Vyavahaara Sahasari in Browseable Index of gif files.
Sanskrit Bharati's abhyaasa pustakaM, a book for self study. The pages in the book are individually scanned to JPEG image format. The scanned images given below were re-edited, improved, bundled in MS Word files, and are provided in zip format for interested individuals pages1to10.zip, pages11to20.zip, pages21to30.zip.
Pages 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
Sanskrit Bharati's exercises for students of conversational camps.
ITrans PS PDF GIF HTML Exercise 1
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Software:
Bhagavadgita - A verse a day PC/DOS utility by Ajaya Durg.
Technology Development for Indian Languages, TDIL, a program launched by Department of Information Technology, Govt. of India in 1991, has developed excellent tools related to word processing and analysis of Indian languages. The tools can be downloaded freely with simple registration from http://tdil.mit.gov.in/download/menu.htm. Some of the software include · Indian Language Keyboard Driver and Fonts· iLEAP an Intelligent, Internet ready Indian language word processor on Windows· Desika: Natural Language Understanding System for Sanskrit· Shabdhabodha:to analyze the semantic and · syntactic structure of Sanskrit sentences.· Geeta Reader· Apex Language Processor (ALP) is a character mode Word processor· Akshar (Word processor) for Windows· Punjabi Spellchecker · Speech Synthesizer
Sivananda Org -
http://www.sivananda.org/misc/anim/anim.htm Chakras - Animated ShockWave of the Chakras with pronunciations of the Biija aksharas.
Sanskrit Pronunciation Audio Utilities for PC/Dos/Win -
Audio-utility by Dennis Waite -
ReadMe File
Utility
Winsys system utils
VB4 - OLE/OCX utils
(v) http://sanskrit.sriaurbindoashram.org.in: This is one of the favorite sites for the learners who wants learn Sanskrit via e-learning systems. It contains interesting and tidy Sanskrit lessons. It is an official site of Aurbindo ashram, Pondicherry.
(vi) www.tilakpyle.com: Mainly this is the site for online Sanskrit pronunciation guide. The importance of pronunciation I cannot be ignored while speaking or learning any language. So, this site provides online resources for pronouncing Sanskrit guides, the corresponding transliteration, English translations, and stream able audio files of these words being pronounced easily in this sites.
(vii) www.sanskrit.org: It is a very popular guide enhancing the vocabulary in this language and underlying the rule of vibhakti and sondhi of Sanskrit grammar. Sanskrit learners can learn basic Sanskrit grammar easily through this sites.
(viii) http://sanskrit.gde.to/index.html: This is an attempt to make “a practical Sanskrit introductory” by Charles Wikner, an excellent and free tutorial learning materials for Sanskrit language and Devnagari script, available to every person.
(ix) http://sanskrit.farmfranseal.com: This site provides a concise study of the Sanskrit language along with its culture, literature etc.
(x) www.brahmanas.org: This is a popular south Indian sites in which Kalidasa-samskrita-kendram is started to serve for the learning of the Sanskrit language particularly in Tamilnadu and Pondicherry states.
(xi) http://www.sanskrit-sanscrito.com.or: This contains Sanskrit language, yoga, Indian philosophies, Sanskrit sentence, names in Sanskrit, dictionary of free Sanskrit links, Sanskrit translations and much more from foreign language also.
(xii) http://sanskritlinks.blogspot.com: This site is created to consolidate various links related to Sanskrit. One can learn Sanskrit through Spanish, French, German etc. any foreign language.
(xiii) http://www.ourkarnataka.com: This is the very popular site for learning Sanskrit through Karnad as well as English. It provides online dictionaries, free tutorial classes, pronunciation guide etc.
(i) Individual effort of Chamuu Krishna Shashtri for making Sanskrit popular
Chamu Krishna Shashtri was very upset at the gradual decline of an ancient Indian language. But during the last two decades of he succeeded in initiating at least four million Indians into speaking the language without making the mistake of associating the language with any particular region. He, himself published eight audio cassettes and two CD rooms to help learning the language a simple exercise through e-learning. These software and CDs are being taught in 13 countries.
(ii) Sanskrit Academy:
Its address is P.O. Box 110218, Campbell, CA95011. It has website www.samskrtam.org It is an academy for Sanskrit learning center. Here CD rooms, multimedia CDs and electronic dictionary, are made for the learners. One can order directly from one’s home and the learning tools will be delivered with some extra charge.
(iii) Learn Sanskrit for beginners CD-Rom:
This is an unique tools for e-learning of Sanskrit. It costs $14.95. It has very simple and clear lessons for learning Sanskrit, beginning from the very basis of writing and pronunciation, Upto complex grammar and comprehension. This is the complete multimedia CD Rom for learning Sanskrit.
It covers almost every topics of Sanskrit grammar very systematically. Above all, this has exercises and quizzes on alphabet recognition, word recognition, numerals, pronunciation, basic grammar, vocabulary, sandhi, case, gender, compound sentences etc.
Conclusion:
So like many languages Sanskrit is also getting popular through e-learning system. Many people whether they are students or teacher or anyone who want to learn Sanskrit language are getting benefited by this e-learning system. Not only Indians, but thousands of foreigners comes online daily for Sanskrit learning.
Here, are some comments from all over the world after learning Sanskrit language.
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